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Wire mesh is a grid of steel wires joined at every crossing. Welded reinforcement fabric — 'mesh' on a building site — reinforces concrete slabs, floors and walls with prefabricated sheets instead of loose bars; lighter welded and woven meshes are used for fencing, guards, screens, sieves and filters.
Reinforcement fabric is made on automatic welding lines from cold-reduced ribbed or indented wire drawn from wire rod: longitudinal wires are fed through, cross wires are laid across them and every crossing is resistance-welded. The result is a flat sheet that a steel fixer can lay in one move, in place of dozens of loose bars tied by hand — quicker to place, with accurate spacing and less waste.
In British-based specifications fabric is ordered by a reference from BS 4483 that states its steel area: A393 has 393 mm² of steel per metre each way. A fabrics are square meshes for slabs and floors, B fabrics have heavier main wires for structural slabs, C fabrics are long meshes for one-way spans and D fabrics are light wrapping meshes. In the USA welded wire reinforcement is ordered by spacing and wire size (for example 6×6 W2.9×W2.9) to ASTM A1064, which replaced the old A185 and A497.
Lighter welded mesh — galvanized or PVC-coated, in rolls and panels — is used for fencing, animal cages, guards, plaster and block-work reinforcement and gabions. Woven wire cloth, with wires interlaced like a fabric, gives precise apertures for sieves, screens and filters and is specified by aperture and wire diameter to ISO 9044.
BS 4483 fabric is the usual specification in the GCC, alongside the BS 4449 reinforcing bars it is used with, and is produced in the region by mesh welders working from locally rolled wire rod. Projects specifying American codes use ASTM A1064 mesh.
Standard sheets of BS 4483 fabric are 4.8 m × 2.4 m; purpose-made sheets are cut and welded to the bending schedule. See the BS 4483 fabric table for wire sizes, pitches and masses.
Full dimensions: BS 4483 welded steel fabric for concrete — standard A, B, C and D fabrics
| Region | Standard | What it covers |
|---|---|---|
| UK | BS 4483 BSI |
Steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete — specification and the preferred A, B, C and D fabrics |
| UK | BS 4482 BSI |
Steel wire for the reinforcement of concrete products — plain, indented and ribbed wire |
| Europe | EN 10080 CEN-CENELEC |
Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — weldable reinforcing steel, general requirements including welded fabric |
| International | ISO 6935-3 ISO |
Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 3: welded fabric |
| USA | ASTM A1064/A1064M ASTM |
Carbon-steel wire and welded wire reinforcement, plain and deformed, for concrete |
| USA | ASTM A185 / A497 replaced by ASTM A1064 |
Welded steel wire fabric, plain and deformed, for concrete |
| India | IS 1566 BIS |
Hard-drawn steel wire fabric for concrete reinforcement |
| China | GB/T 1499.3 SAC |
Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 3: welded fabric |
| International | ISO 9044 ISO |
Industrial woven wire cloth — technical requirements and tests |
| Europe | EN 10223-8 CEN-CENELEC |
Steel wire and wire products for fencing and netting — welded mesh gabion products |
Grade equivalents and the standards bodies: Steel grades & standards
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