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Very thin low-carbon cold rolled steel (about 0.12–0.49 mm) made for packaging. Tinplate is coated with a thin layer of tin electrolytically; tin-free steel (TFS or ECCS) carries a chromium and chromium-oxide layer instead; blackplate is the uncoated base. Together they make food, beverage, aerosol, paint and edible-oil cans, closures and crown corks.
Tin mill products start as low-carbon steel cold rolled to very thin gauge, cleaned and annealed (batch or continuous), then temper rolled. Single-reduced (SR) plate is temper-rolled lightly; double-reduced (DR) plate is given a second, heavy cold reduction after annealing, which makes it thinner and stronger, so cans and ends use less steel. On an electrolytic tinning line the strip is then plated with tin — usually 1.1 to 11.2 g/m² per side, different on each side if wanted — flow-melted to give a bright surface, passivated and lightly oiled.
Tin-free steel, correctly called electrolytic chromium-coated steel (ECCS), replaces the tin with a very thin layer of metallic chromium and chromium oxide. It takes lacquer extremely well and is used for can ends, closures, crown corks and drawn cans that are lacquered on both sides; it cannot be soldered or used unlacquered for food. Blackplate is the uncoated base, sold for parts that will be painted or lacquered, such as drum and pail components.
Temper is the key property of a can-maker's specification: from the soft T-1/TS230 grades for deep-drawn parts to hard T-5/TH435 and the double-reduced DR grades for can ends and bodies — see the temper table. Coating mass, surface finish (bright, stone, matt, silver), passivation and oil are specified separately. Standards for packaging steel in contact with food also limit what may be on the surface.
The Middle East is a large consumer of tinplate for edible oil, ghee, dairy powder, tomato paste, beverages and paint. Most of it is imported, chiefly from China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, India and Europe. MESteel publishes a monthly tinplate price for 0.32 mm.
Tinplate is ordered by thickness × width (and length for sheets), temper, tin coating per side, finish, passivation and oil. Thickness is often quoted in base weight in the US (pounds per base box: 1 base box = 112 sheets of 14 × 20 in = 31,360 in²).
Full dimensions: Tinplate temper grades: EN 10202, ASTM A623 and JIS G3303
| Region | Standard | What it covers |
|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10202 CEN-CENELEC |
Cold reduced tinmill products — electrolytic tinplate and electrolytic chromium/chromium oxide coated steel; tempers TS230 to TH620 |
| Europe | EN 10203 / EN 10205 CEN-CENELEC replaced by EN 10202 |
Former European standards for tinplate and blackplate (T50–T65 temper designations) (withdrawn) |
| Europe | EN 10333 CEN-CENELEC |
Steel for packaging — flat steel products intended for contact with foodstuffs and beverages — tin coated steel |
| USA | ASTM A623/A623M ASTM |
Tin mill products — general requirements, tempers T-1 to T-6 and DR grades |
| USA | ASTM A624/A624M ASTM |
Tin mill products, electrolytic tin plate, single reduced |
| USA | ASTM A626/A626M ASTM |
Tin mill products, electrolytic tin plate, double reduced |
| USA | ASTM A657/A657M ASTM |
Tin mill products, black plate electrolytic chromium coated, single and double reduced |
| Japan | JIS G3303 JSA |
Tinplate and blackplate — SPTE (electrolytic tinplate) and SPB (blackplate) |
| Japan | JIS G3315 JSA |
Tin-free steel (electrolytic chromium-coated steel) — SPTFS |
| International | ISO 11949 ISO |
Cold-reduced electrolytic tinplate |
| International | ISO 11950 ISO |
Cold-reduced electrolytic chromium/chromium oxide-coated steel |
| International | ISO 11951 ISO |
Cold-reduced blackplate in coil form for the production of tinplate or electrolytic chromium/chromium oxide-coated steel |
| China | GB/T 2520 SAC |
Cold-reduced electrolytic tinplate |
Grade equivalents and the standards bodies: Steel grades & standards
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